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Exemple (Example):
[
{
"groupTitle": "Section 1: The Essentials",
"topics": [
{
"title": "Basic Greetings (Salutations)",
"explanation": "The most important words to start a conversation in French.\n• **Bonjour**: Hello (formal, used all day)\n• **Salut**: Hi (informal, like 'hey')\n• **Bonsoir**: Good evening\n• **Au revoir**: Goodbye\n• **Oui / Non**: Yes / No",
"example": "Formal:\n- Bonjour, comment ça va?\n- Ça va bien, merci.\n\nInformal:\n- Salut! Ça va?\n- Oui, et toi?"
},
{
"title": "Polite Phrases (La Politesse)",
"explanation": "Being polite is very important in French culture.\n• **Merci (beaucoup)**: Thank you (very much)\n• **S'il vous plaît**: Please (formal, or for a group)\n• **S'il te plaît**: Please (informal, for one person)\n• **De rien**: You're welcome\n• **Pardon / Excusez-moi**: Sorry / Excuse me",
"example": "- Un café, s'il vous plaît.\n- Voilà.\n- Merci beaucoup!\n- De rien."
},
{
"title": "Introducing Yourself (Se présenter)",
"explanation": "How to introduce yourself and ask for someone's name.\n• **Je m'appelle...**: My name is...\n• **Comment tu t'appelles?**: What is your name? (informal)\n• **Comment vous appelez-vous?**: What is your name? (formal)\n• **Enchanté(e)**: Nice to meet you.",
"example": "- Bonjour, je m'appelle Paul.\n- Enchantée, Paul. Moi, c'est Marie."
}
]
},
{
"groupTitle": "Section 2: Core Grammar",
"topics": [
{
"title": "Key Verbs: être & avoir",
"explanation": "The two most important verbs in French. They are 'irregular' and used to form other tenses.\n• **être**: To be (je suis, tu es, il/elle est, nous sommes, vous êtes, ils/elles sont)\n• **avoir**: To have (j'ai, tu as, il/elle a, nous avons, vous avez, ils/elles ont)",
"example": "être (to be):\n• Je suis américain. (I am American.)\n• Elle est fatiguée. (She is tired.)\n\navoir (to have):\n• J'ai un frère. (I have a brother.)\n• Il a 30 ans. (He is 30 years old. - lit. 'He has 30 years')"
},
{
"title": "Gender: Masculine & Feminine",
"explanation": "In French, all nouns (people, places, things) have a gender, either masculine or feminine. This affects the articles (like 'a' or 'the') and adjectives used with them.\n• **le** (the, masc.) / **un** (a, masc.)\n• **la** (the, fem.) / **une** (a, fem.)",
"example": "Masculine:\n• le garçon (the boy)\n• un livre (a book)\n• Le livre est petit. (The book is small.)\n\nFeminine:\n• la fille (the girl)\n• une table (a table)\n• La table est petite. (The table is small.)"
},
{
"title": "Articles: Definite (le, la, les)",
"explanation": "Articles for 'the'. They must agree in gender and number with the noun.\n\n• **le**: 'the' (masculine, singular)\n• **la**: 'the' (feminine, singular)\n• **l'**: 'the' (replaces 'le' or 'la' before a vowel)\n• **les**: 'the' (plural, both M/F)",
"example": "• le chat (the cat)\n• la voiture (the car)\n• l'ami (the friend)\n• l'orange (f) (the orange)\n• les chats (the cats)\n• les voitures (the cars)"
},
{
"title": "Articles: Indefinite (un, une, des)",
"explanation": "These articles are for 'a', 'an', or 'some'.\n\n• **un**: 'a' / 'an' (masculine)\n• **une**: 'a' / 'an' (feminine)\n• **des**: 'some' (plural, both M/F)",
"example": "• un garçon (a boy)\n• une fille (a girl)\n• des enfants (some children)"
},
{
"title": "Possessive Adjectives",
"explanation": "Words used to show ownership (my, your, his, her, etc.). They must agree in gender and number with the *thing being owned*, not the owner.\n\n• **My**: mon (m), ma (f), mes (pl)\n• **Your (inf)**: ton (m), ta (f), tes (pl)\n• **His/Her**: son (m), sa (f), ses (pl)",
"example": "• J'aime **mon** frère. (I like my brother.)\n• J'aime **ma** sœur. (I like my sister.)\n• J'aime **mes** parents. (I like my parents.)\n\n• Il aime **son** frère. (He likes his brother.)\n• Elle aime **son** frère. (She likes her brother.)\n('son' means 'his' or 'her'.)"
}
]
},
{
"groupTitle": "Section 3: Building Sentences (Verbs)",
"topics": [
{
"title": "Regular -ER Verbs",
"explanation": "This is the largest group of regular verbs in French. They all follow the same pattern. To 'conjugate' them, you remove the -er and add an ending for who is doing the action.",
"example": "Pattern for 'parler' (to speak):\n• Je parle (I speak)\n• Tu parles (You speak)\n• Il/Elle parle (He/She speaks)\n• Nous parlons (We speak)\n• Vous parlez (You speak)\n• Ils/Elles parlent (They speak)"
},
{
"title": "Verbs: aller, faire, vouloir",
"explanation": "Three of the most common and most irregular verbs.\n• **aller**: to go (je vais, tu vas, il va, nous allons, vous allez, ils vont)\n• **faire**: to do/make (je fais, tu fais, il fait, nous faisons, vous faites, ils font)\n• **vouloir**: to want (je veux, tu veux, il veut, nous voulons, vous voulez, ils veulent)",
"example": "• Je vais à Paris. (I am going to Paris.)\n• Qu'est-ce que tu fais? (What are you doing?)\n• Je veux un croissant. (I want a croissant.)"
},
{
"title": "Negation (ne...pas)",
"explanation": "To make a sentence negative in French, you wrap the verb with 'ne' and 'pas'.\n\n'ne' comes before the verb, and 'pas' comes after it.",
"example": "Positive:\n• Je parle français. (I speak French.)\n• Il aime le café. (He likes coffee.)\n\nNegative:\n• Je **ne** parle **pas** français. (I do not speak French.)\n• Il **n'**aime **pas** le café. (He does not like coffee.)\n(Note: 'ne' becomes 'n'' before a vowel.)"
},
{
"title": "Reflexive Verbs (Verbes pronominaux)",
"explanation": "Verbs that describe an action you do *to yourself*. They are recognizable by the 'se' (or 's'') before the verb. Examples: 'se laver' (to wash oneself), 's'appeler' (to call oneself).\n\nThey require a 'reflexive pronoun' (me, te, se, nous, vous, se) before the verb.",
"example": "Verb: 'se laver' (to wash oneself)\n• Je **me** lave (I wash myself)\n• Tu **te** laves\n• Il/Elle **se** lave\n• Nous **nous** lavons\n• Vous **vous** lavez\n• Ils/Elles **se** lavent"
}
]
},
{
"groupTitle": "Section 4: Vocabulary & Topics",
"topics": [
{
"title": "Basic Questions",
"explanation": "How to ask common questions.\n• **Qui?**: Who?\n• **Quoi?**: What?\n• **Où?**: Where?\n• **Quand?**: When?\n• **Pourquoi?**: Why?\n• **Comment?**: How?\n• **Combien?**: How much/many?",
"example": "• Où est la gare? (Where is the train station?)\n• Qui est-ce? (Who is that?)\n• Pourquoi est-il en retard? (Why is he late?)"
},
{
"title": "Numbers 0-20 (Les Nombres)",
"explanation": "Learning the first 20 numbers is essential.\n0: zéro\n1: un\n2: deux\n3: trois\n4: quatre\n5: cinq\n6: six\n7: sept\n8: huit\n9: neuf\n10: dix\n11: onze\n12: douze\n13: treize\n14: quatorze\n15: quinze\n16: seize\n17: dix-sept\n18: dix-huit\n19: dix-neuf\n20: vingt",
"example": "• J'ai deux frères. (I have two brothers.)\n• Il a seize ans. (He is sixteen years old.)"
},
{
"title": "Days & Months (Jours et Mois)",
"explanation": "Note: In French, days and months are not capitalized.\n\n• **Days (les jours)**: lundi, mardi, mercredi, jeudi, vendredi, samedi, dimanche\n• **Months (les mois)**: janvier, février, mars, avril, mai, juin, juillet, août, septembre, octobre, novembre, décembre",
"example": "• On se voit mardi. (We'll see each other Tuesday.)\n• Mon anniversaire est en juin. (My birthday is in June.)"
},
{
"title": "Family (La Famille)",
"explanation": "Common vocabulary for family members.\n• **la famille**: family\n• **le père / la mère**: father / mother\n• **les parents**: parents\n• **le frère / la sœur**: brother / sister\n• **le fils / la fille**: son / daughter\n• **les enfants**: children",
"example": "• J'ai un frère et une sœur.\n• Mes parents s'appellent Marc et Sophie."
},
{
"title": "Food (La Nourriture)",
"explanation": "Basic food vocabulary.\n• **le petit-déjeuner**: breakfast\n• **le déjeuner**: lunch\n• **le dîner**: dinner\n• **le pain**: bread\n• **le fromage**: cheese\n• **le poulet**: chicken\n• **l'eau (f)**: water\n• **le vin**: wine\n• **le café**: coffee",
"example": "• Au petit-déjeuner, je prends un café et un croissant.\n• J'aimerais de l'eau, s'il vous plaît."
},
{
"title": "Telling Time (L'heure)",
"explanation": "To ask for the time, you say: **Quelle heure est-il?**\nTo answer, you use **Il est...**\n\n• **Il est deux heures.** (It's 2 o'clock.)\n• **Il est deux heures dix.** (It's 2:10.)\n• **Il est deux heures et quart.** (It's 2:15.)\n• **Il est deux heures et demie.** (It's 2:30.)",
"example": "- Quelle heure est-il?\n- Il est trois heures et demie.\n- Merci!"
}
]
},
{
"groupTitle": "Section 5: More Tenses",
"topics": [
{
"title": "Passé Composé (Past Tense)",
"explanation": "This is the most common past tense, used for completed actions. It's a 'compound' tense, meaning it has two parts:\n\n1. A 'helper' verb (usually **avoir**, sometimes **être**)\n2. A 'past participle' (e.g., parler -> **parlé**)\n\n**J'ai parlé** = I spoke / I have spoken",
"example": "• **J'ai mangé** une pomme. (I ate an apple.)\n• **Tu as fini** ton travail. (You finished your work.)\n• **Elle est allée** à Paris. (She went to Paris.)\n(Verbs of motion like 'aller' use 'être' as the helper.)"
},
{
"title": "Future Tense (Le Futur Simple)",
"explanation": "Used to talk about what *will* happen. For regular -er and -ir verbs, the endings are added directly to the infinitive (the full verb).\n\nEndings: -ai, -as, -a, -ons, -ez, -ont",
"example": "Verb: 'parler' (to speak)\n• Je parler**ai** (I will speak)\n• Tu parler**as**\n• Il/Elle parler**a**\n• Nous parler**ons**\n• Vous parler**ez**\n• Ils/Elles parler**ont**\n\n• Demain, je parlerai au professeur. (Tomorrow, I will speak to the professor.)"
}
]
}
]